Kataoka was Chief Curator at Tokyo Opera City Art Gallery (1997-2002) prior to the Mori Art Museum (2003-) where she holds the current position since 2020. Kataoka was also International Curator at the Hayward Gallery, London (2007-2009); Artistic Director of the 21st Biennale of Sydney (2018) and recently appointed as Artistic Director of the Aichi Triennale 2022. She serves as President of CIMAM [International Committee for Museums and Collections of Modern Art] 2020-2022 and member of AICA [International Association of Art Critics]. Visiting Professor at Kyoto University of the Arts Graduate School; Visiting Professor at Tokyo University of the Arts’ Faculty of Fine Arts, Graduate School of Fine Arts. Kataoka frequently writes, lectures, and juries on contemporary art from Japan, Asia and beyond.